Not an answer, but some background:
If you work with amazon, you have run into the case where you have a tiny thing in a much larger box. I think Amazon has a small set of box sizes that stack well on pallets. It's easier (cheaper) to send a large box if it makes the pallet more stable. Also a certain minimum box is easier for automated equipment to handle.
Standardization of containers helps.
Consider U-Line. They sell thousands of sizes of boxes. This makes the pallet packing problem difficult.
Consider glass jars and bottles. This one I have a proposal for: A bottle tax that is inversely proportional the that bottle's share of the bottle market. The tax is applied at the manufacturer. Puts a big incentive on makers to standardize on a more limited number of shapes.
If Hellman is using the same jar for mayonaise as Smuckers is for jam, then the chance of a used mayo jar getting to the Smucker's plant is increased.
Transport: Overall goods flow out from centres. A container of TV's arrives from Taiwan. It gets shipped to Best Buy's distribution centre. Pallets of TV's go to individual stores. TV's go home with consumers. What does the consumer do with a TV box?
Right now China makes "one trip" seacans. Containers designed to go to the U.S. and to Europe, and not come home. It takes about $4000 worth of steel to make a seacan, but it's cheaper to not ship them back. The ones that go to port cities are easy to return. The ship is going back anyway. But seacans cost more to get from the seaport to the interior city than to cross the Pacific. So they accumulate.
So the ideal reusable packaging can be collapsed to a smaller form for shipping back. You see these for local shipping: Bread trays are one example. U-Line has a series of collapsible bin/pallets that are about 3 feet tall opened, and aobut 8 inches tall collapsed. This makes them cheaper to ship back.
Modern truck transport doesn't have very many empty trucks. There is a whole sub-industry of logistics trucking that match up empty trucks with loads going in the right direction.